Do you know the difference between scrapers, loaders, bulldozers, and excavators?

Grader scrapers, loaders, bulldozers, and bucket chain excavators are all large construction machinery, but their scope of work is still quite different. Today, we will distinguish between these four machines in terms of definition and structure. If the engineering task requires the purchase of new equipment, which one should be selected.

 

 

To distinguish from the definition:

 

Excavator: The bucket wheel excavator is a common construction machinery. It is an earth-moving machine that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface and load them into transport vehicles or unload them to the stockyard. Mainly used for excavating soil, loading vehicles, demolition, digging, gravel, etc.

 

Loader: The loader is a kind of earthwork construction machinery widely used in highways, railways, construction, hydropower, ports, mines and other construction projects. It is mainly used for shoveling bulk materials such as soil, sand, lime, and coal. It can be used for light excavation of ore and hard soil. Different auxiliary working devices can also be used for bulldozing, lifting and loading and unloading of other materials such as wood.

 

Bulldozer: A bulldozer is a machine driven by a tractor. It has a wide and blunt horizontal dozer for clearing land, road structures or similar tasks. It is an earthwork machine capable of excavating, transporting and disposing of rock and soil, and has a wide range of uses in open-pit mines. The main functions of bulldozers are bulldozing, levelling, and loosening. Therefore, in many development places, you will see excavators and bulldozers working together with very high efficiency.

 

Scrapers: Duragrade box scrapers, as the name suggests, are shoveling and transportation. The used grader scraper is a kind of shoveling and transporting machine that uses a bucket to shovel the soil and load the broken soil into the bucket for transportation. It can complete the integration of shoveling, loading, transporting, unloading, layered filling, and local compaction operation.

 

 

From the structure to distinguish:

 

Excavator: It includes the power plant, the working device, the grader blade for excavator, the tilt bucket, slewing mechanism, control mechanism, transmission mechanism, walking mechanism and auxiliary facilities, etc.

 

Loader: It includes the engine, torque converter, gearbox, front and rear drive axles, which are referred to as the four major parts. There are three pumps on the torque converter, working pump (supply lifting, tipping bucket pressure oil), steering pump (supply steering pressure oil), variable speed pump, also called walking pump (supply torque converter, transmission pressure oil). There is also a pilot pump (supplying pilot valve pilot pressure oil) on the steering pump of some models.

 

Scraper: It includes wheels, traction beam, frame, hydraulic device, excavator claw bucket, support mechanism and frame lifting adjustment mechanism, characterized in that the bucket with shovel mechanism is composed of a bucket body, sliding baffle, rotating baffle, shovel blade and ground breaking knife.

 

Bulldozer: The crawler bulldozer is mainly composed of engine, transmission system (bulldozer track chain), working device, electrical part, bulldozer undercarriage parts, etc. Among them, the mechanical and hydraulic transmission system includes hydraulic torque converter, coupling assembly, planetary gear type power shift transmission, central transmission, steering clutch and brake, final drive and walking system.

 

 

To sum up

 

The scraper is mainly used to shovel soil and snow. The scope of loading is similar to that of excavators, but the operating conditions are limited and the efficiency is higher than that of excavators. Scrapers cannot work in soft soils and steep ditches. Generally, scrapers are wheeled. The loader can also perform light shovel and excavation work, and can also be used for bulldozing, lifting, loading and unloading wood and steel pipes by replacing the corresponding working devices. The scraper can be used as a loader, but the loader cannot be used as a loader.