Development status of excavators in China

Bucket excavators, also known as excavating machinery, are earth-moving machinery that use ditching buckets to excavate materials above or below the bearing surface and load them into transport vehicles or unload them to stockyards. The materials excavated by the bucket chain excavator are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loose soil and rocks. From the perspective of the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and bucket shovel excavators have become one of the most important construction machines in engineering construction.

 

 

The development process of excavators---the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China

 

In the early days of the founding of New China, the former Soviet Union's W501, W502, W1001, and W1002 mechanical single-bucket excavators were mainly surveyed and imitated from the 1930s to the 1940s, and the history of Chinese excavator production began. Due to the needs of the country's economic construction at that time, more than a dozen excavator production plants have been established. Since 1967, China has independently developed hydraulic excavators. Early successful products include WYl00 type from Shanghai Construction Machinery Plant, W4-60 type from Guiyang Mining Machinery Plant, and WY60 type excavator from Hefei Mining Machinery Plant. Then came the WYl60 type excavator from the Yangtze River Excavator Factory and the WY250 type excavator from the Hangzhou Heavy Machinery Factory. They have taken an extremely important step for the formation and development of China's hydraulic tilt bucket excavator industry.

 

 

The development process of excavators-1980s

 

By the end of the 1980s, there were more than 30 excavator manufacturers in China, producing more than 40 models. Medium and small hydraulic gummy bucket excavators have formed a series. The bucket capacity has 12 grades, including 0.1-2.5 cubic meters, and more than 20 models. They also produced 0.5-4.0 cubic meters and large mining-use 10 cubic meters and 12 cubic meters mechanically driven single bucket excavators, 1 cubic meter tunnel mud bucket excavators, 4 cubic meter long arm excavators, 1000 cubic meter/h dumpers, etc., and also developed a marine hydraulic excavator with a bucket capacity of 0.25 cubic meters, an amphibious excavators with a bucket capacity of 0.4 cubic meters, 0.6 cubic meters and 0.8 cubic meters. But in general, the production of Chinese grading bucket mini excavators is small and scattered, and there is a big gap in the production technology and product quality between products made in China and the international advanced level.

 

 

The development process of excavators-since the reform and opening up

 

Since the reform and opening up, we have actively introduced, digested and absorbed foreign advanced technology to promote the development of China's bucket wheel excavator industry. Among them, Guiyang Mining Machinery Factory and Shanghai Construction Machinery Factory respectively introduced A912, R912, R942, A922, R922, R962, R972, R982 hydraulic excavator manufacturing technology from German Liebherr Company. In later years, Hangzhou Heavy Machinery Factory introduced the production technology of H55 and H85 hydraulic excavators from Germany Demag, and Beijing Construction Machinery Factory introduced the manufacturing technology of RH6 and MH6 hydraulic excavators from Germany O&K (O&K). At the same time, Shandong Bulldozer General Factory and Yellow River Engineering Machinery Factory have jointly introduced the full set of manufacturing technologies for PC100, PC120, PC200, PC220, PC300, and PC400 hydraulic excavators (except engines) from Komatsu. Through the digestion, absorption, and transplantation of imported technologies for several years, these factories have fully improved the performance indicators of domestic hydraulic chipping bucket excavators to the international level in the 1980s, and their output has increased year by year. Due to the continuous increase and diversification of domestic demand for hydraulic excavators, the adjustment of the product structure of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises has affected some other machinery industry manufacturers to join the hydraulic excavator industry.